简洁说明:什么是宾语补足语?(最好举例说明)

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简洁说明:什么是宾语补足语?(最好举例说明)

简洁说明:什么是宾语补足语?(最好举例说明)
简洁说明:什么是宾语补足语?(最好举例说明)

简洁说明:什么是宾语补足语?(最好举例说明)
在英语中有些及物动词,接了宾语意义仍不完整,还需要有一个其他的句子成分,来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等,称为宾语补足语,简称宾补.I'm going to paint it pink.句子中的it显然是宾语.但是主语将要做的并不是it,而是paint it pink.pink 是句子中的宾语补足语.它和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,也就是说从逻辑上来讲,是执行了paint的动作.句子中的pink是现在分词做宾语补足语.能够充当宾补的还有宾语补足语的大致有:不定式,现在分词,过去分词,形容词,副词,介宾短语等.一般情况下,宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后.比如:I find learning English difficult.(difficult是形容词做宾补) I saw the kite up and down.(up and down是副词做宾补) Tom made the girl cry.(cry是省略不定式符号to的动词不定式) 常跟复合宾语的动词有:call,name,make,think,find,leave,keep,nominate(任命),choose,elect(选举),define(定义),regard,see,recognize,treat,take,consider,look up,refer to,accept,acknowledge,describe,depict(描述),represent(表现出),declare(宣称),denounce,employ(雇佣),use,show,organize,express 当感官动词和实意动词,如:see hear notice watch hear feel observe(感官动词) make have let(实意动词) 接宾补时,不定式的符号to必须省略.在help后,不定式可以带to,也可不带.补充:简单句常见结构有:"主+谓"结构:句子由主语和谓语两部分构成,谓语动词是不及物动词."主+谓+宾"结构:谓语动词是及物动词,后面接有宾语."主+谓+宾+宾补"结构:有一些句子有了前3个成分后,还需要有一个宾语补足语对宾语做出补充说明,表明宾语的身份,特征等,使句意完整.宾语和宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语.如果宾语和宾补是逻辑上的动宾关系,则宾补须用过去分词形式.如:Jenny hopes that Mr.Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English improved in a short period.什么动词后可有宾语补足语:1.在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语.这类动词有:consider,think,believe,discover,find,imagine,judge,suppose,prove等.这类动词后的不定式通常是"to be+形容词或名词"结构,think,consider,find后的to be常可省略.We consider him (to be) a good teacher.我们认为他是一个好老师.He proved that theory (to be) very important.他证明那个理论是很重要的.I thought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I met her.我第一次见到她的时候就认为她人很好,很诚实.2.在表示情感状态的动词后作宾语补足语.这类动词有:love,like,prefer,hate,want,wish,expect等.I'd prefer you to leave him alone.我希望你不要打扰他.I don't want there to be any trouble.我不想有任何麻烦.3.注意:hope,demand,suggest等动词后面不能接不定式作宾语补足语.I hope you can give me a hand.我希望你能帮我一把.I wish you to give me a hand.我希望你能帮我一把.He required us to be present at the meeting.他要求我们出席会议.Mr Li suggested that she should not go there alone.李先生建议她不要独自去那里.